António Augusto de Rocha Peixoto (Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, May 18, 1866 - Matosinhos, Portugal, May 2, 1909) was a notable naturalist, etnologist and archaeologist known throughout the country.
In 1891, he became the secretariat the "Revista de Portugal" (Portugal Magazine) established by his friend Eça de Queiroz and organized the Cabinet of Mineralogy, Geology and Palaeontology of the Polytechnic Academy of Porto (currently University of Porto). He collaborated in other journals and magazines and was the director of the Public Library and Municipal Museum of the city of Porto. In its native town, he revealed cividade de Terroso and remodeled the town hall. Two weeks after dying, his body was transferred from the cemetery of Agramonte in Porto to the one of Póvoa.